Building-block.



PATENTED APR. 24, 1906.

N. J. PETERSON.

BUILDING BLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1905.

Wilmmom iiNiTED STATES PATENT OFFIC.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 24, 1906a Application filed July 17, 1905. Se i l NO- 270.040.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NELS J. PETERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Omaha, in the county of Douglas and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building-Blocks, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in building-blocks, and has particular relations to an improvement in walls made of concrete or molded blocks.

The object of my invention is to provide a strong, durable, and simple masonry construction of that class wherein the walls are made of blocks of concrete or similar material of the different species shown, as well as the arrangement of the latter, whereby longitudinal tortuous air-passages are formed as well as purely vertical ones by the central blocks, thereby preventing the passage of frost and damp. The advantages of hollow walls or walls having a dead-air space are well known and require no extensive description.

I accomplish the object indicated by the use of blocks the bodies of which are spaced from each other and which have overlapping projections whereby the outer, inner, and central courses which constitute the walls are held together.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and wherein like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 illustrates a plan view of my improved form of blocks, showing the special shapes required in connection with the construction of walls. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the wall as shown in Fig. 1 and fully illustrates the one in which the blocks are laid. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the central block B. Fig. 4 is a perspective of the side-wall block A, employed for ordinary wall construction.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, it will be observed that the side wall blocks A are formed of the desired thickness, having a flat top and bottom faces a, the straight plane outer face 1 and 2, equally inclined concaved converging sides 2 2, which meet in a point 3, these sides terminating adjacent the outer face 1, from which point or termination ends 4 4 extend to meet the outer face 1, it being observed that the two ends 4 4 are common to each other and every block employed. These blocks just described are employed in the constructing of the outer and inner walls,

as distinguished from the special blocks used in the construction of the intermediate or central wall, which will now be described.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings, it will be observed that the blocks B are formed of the same thickness as the blocks A, having a flat top and bottom face I), the four equally-inclined concaved converging sides 5 5 5 5, which meet in points 6 6, these sides terminating adjacent each other, from which point of termination ends 7 7 ex tend to meet the concaved faces 5 5 5 5, it being here also understood that the two ends 7 7 are common to each other and every block employed. This block B is further provided with a central passage f, which both lightens the block and provides a vertical air-space in the central wall. These last blocks B just described are employed in constructing the central wall, and they are used in conjunction with the side wall block A, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. In constructing a wall with my improved blocks the manner of laying the blocks is clearly represented in Figs. 1 and 2. They are laid in courses, as shown in the drawings, and each course, however, consists of three rows of blocks, spaced a suitable distance apart, as shown, the projecting tapering ends of each outside block A in each row point inward and said blocks lying opposite each other in each and every course. Placed between the two outside rows of blocks A are -the intermediate or central blocks B, which form the central row, the projecting tapering sides of these blocks B entering the recesses between the tapering projecting side of the two outside rows, the blocks being so laid that between the two outside rows and the central rows of each course there extends the continuous longitudinal tortuous air passages c and the purely vertical air-passages d and e.

In building a wall with my improved blocks in the manner illustrated it will be observed that the wall is provided with an airchamber with their considerable area throughout its extent, and while at the same time the blocks and course of blocks are held firmly together just as though there were no air passage or chamber. It will be observed that the short ends 4 4 and 5 5 of the building-blocks A and B enable me to obtain by mortar or cement adherence between and union of contiguous blocks of the rows or courses without interfering with the air-passages, while the concaved sides 2 and 5 of the building-blocks A and B give a larger airspace at intervals and prevents possibility of contact between the blocks of opposite rows. It is of course understood that my blocks can be easily molded to resemble any desired materialsuch as brick, smooth or rough stone, and the like-and that they are to be laid in regular courses to form substantial walls with symmetrically-broken oints and internal air-spaces, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Such changes in shape as fall within the sco e of the appended claims I reserve the rig 1t to make without the departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent, is

1. A filler block for wall construction, comprising a body portion having four converging sides which meet in a point opposite each other and the center thereof, and said body portion being provided with an aperture, substantially as set forth.

2. A filler block for wall construction, composed of four inclined sides 5, which meet in points 6, and 8, opposite the center of the block, the ends 7, the top and bottom faces 5, and the diamond-shaped aperture, substantially as set forth.

3. A wall composed of building-blocks A, having converging sides 2, which meet in a line 3, the filler' blocks B, having a diamondshaped aperturef, and the four inclinedsides 5, which meet in lines 6, and 8, opposite each other and the center of said block, said lastmentioned blocks being laid so that each block of a course above the lowermost course will seat upon four blocks next below.

4. A masonry wall consisting of a plurality of wallsections, one section at an angle to the other section, said wall being composed of a plurality of triangular blocks laid in courses and having three contiguous rows in each course, such rows being separated. to provide an air-space on each side of the center row or filler-blocks, the air-space of one course on each side of the center row or filler-blocks being arranged to cross the air-space of the adjoining courses above and below to provide vertical communicating passages between the air-space of the several courses, and the center row of blocks having substantially triangular-shaped apertures to provide vertical air-passages which communicate with the aforesaid contiguous air-spaces upon each side of the center row of blocks.

In testimony whereof I afiiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NELS J. PETERSON.

Witnesses:

CHAS. H. VON MANsFELDE, FRED J. LARSON. 

